tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26223570421771785392024-02-07T11:17:29.506-08:00PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANPANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.comBlogger9125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-44289104322194459572009-05-22T05:30:00.000-07:002009-05-22T06:07:10.872-07:00Bahasa dan Dialek<div style="text-align: justify;">Objektif :<br /><br /></div><ol style="text-align: justify;"><li>Menyenarai dialek yang terdapat dalam sesuatu bahasa.</li><li>Menggunakan bahasa dan dialek mengikut keadaan dan keutamaan</li></ol><div style="text-align: justify;">Di dalam negara kkita terdapat pelbagai bahasa dan dialek. Bahasa dan dialek mengikut kaum-kaum yang terdapat di negara kita. Dialek juga mengikut negeri-negeri yang terdapat di Malaysia.<br /><br />Contoh dialek di beberapa negeri di Malaysia<br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Contoh </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Apa khabar?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Terima kasih</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Kelantan </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Apo Kaba?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Trima kaseh</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Melaka </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Apa Kabau?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Terima kasih</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Negeri Sembilan </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Apo Koba ?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Terima kasih</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sarawak</span></span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Apa Khaba?</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"> </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Trimak kaseh</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);">Sabah</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Apa kabar?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Tarima kasih</span><br /></div><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"></span><br />Berikut ialah contoh dialek mengikut kaum :<br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 0, 51); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">1. Dialek kaum Cina</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Bahasa Melayu </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Apa khabar?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Terima kasih</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br /> Kantonis </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"> Lei hou ma?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">To che</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br />Hokkien </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Lu ho ba? </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Kam sia</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br />Hakka</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Ni hao mao?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Mn koi</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"></span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(51, 0, 51);">2. Dialek kaum India<br /><br /><br /></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Bahasa Melayu </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Apa khabar?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Terima kasih</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br />Tamil </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Nalamaga irukkinrirkala?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Nandri</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br />Malayalam </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Sugamthanne?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Valare upagaram</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br /> Telegu </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Kshemama?</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Dhanya vadhalu</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"><br /><a href="http://jamhari70.wordpress.com/"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">Cikgu JR</span></a><br /></span><br /><br /></div>PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-51885565392777464692009-05-21T06:48:00.000-07:002009-05-21T08:05:51.554-07:00Alat Muzik Kebanggaan Kitabjektif:<br /><ol><li>Menyenaraikan alat muzik yang terdapat dalam masyarakat kita.</li><li>Berbangga dengan keunikan pelbagai alat muzik yang terdapat di negara kita.</li></ol><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-size:large;">1. Perhatikan alat-alat muzik di bawah.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPM-ojpZhoD3_EhVELzvCuf4nA0Qregf2ZSGqccnfOYtxhbbw596_8tVAEJ7tuttr-yvpYEj8kbvQQwRZa_smzxhUxAZ47zgdOdTHMor-3vf6tI5VeYRO0yd7PDtbBi0puv3rAlpF73ac5/s200/gong.jpeg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 124px; height: 123px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338276360814252402" /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"> </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:18px;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsz_uIoF0VuH_WwBRAFrTest8gB5k51OpTsTH4OaeacmD4JkS0yYQSGSY3XjTM3utjUSysphdFsJllfAwAM6BWS0jKSOqo6f-51FPAAl-MK1xuLflT0T5PCNrCuswzqX2cFz8ml7Rb62tk/s200/nakara.jpeg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 133px; height: 86px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338275676011950706" /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjyaCdUTkI9fPpn9CArr_hDiwh365U1vJRnt_OUoAEtdsMdZW2y-pDk-RO8Mzj1QJ9QjiVTlprHIDLIv0L1HqGKw5Ec4V4JG7RrIHqLst7ZKbXtY3R_kTkPQ9mmejohM6_Ylc9JmJ24YRq/s200/nafiri.jpeg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 111px; height: 79px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338275669032131026" /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi00J89cs5kPBCGQzU632cw9HGhk_cepeqTmx3SXcHXzE1sr6UBLKJrMmrDD84Qa_zYm0yVv4zo7rHsD-ZUKaHfd8E3kD6SwHR5zVhEUGyeuHGxIcspZWWL9eAr7-az7BLQRThXAR23aSsa/s200/gendang.jpeg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 97px; height: 111px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338276283476640386" /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Alat-alat muzik di atas terdiri daripada:</span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" font-weight: bold;font-size:13px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><ol><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Gong</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Serunai</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Nafiri</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Gendang</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Nakara</span></li></ol><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Alat-alat ini digunakan dan dimainkan semasa adat istiadat diraja seperti :</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><ol><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Pertabalan Sultan</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Perkahwinan diraja</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Hari Keputeraan Sultan</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Kemangkatan Sultan</span></li></ol><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Alat-alat ini digunakan dalam permainan NOBAT. Nobat mula digunakan semasa zaman kesultanan Melaka.</span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Lihat Video Berikut :</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:48px;"></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwrc089bLODlw5VdVAKH62QBY5dFlfNUvG_z6nuK5ZYoGYUCkC0qHpPmiIkGz0Kq6bxH5GMJ2i-UdEbpZ45' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">Nobat</span></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;font-size:18px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;font-size:18px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">2. Alat-alat seperti gambar di bawah digunakan dalam gamelan. Gamelan berasal dari Riau-Lingga dan sudah berada di negara kita sejak kurun ke-17 lagi. Gamelan biasanya dimainkan semasa istiadat diraja dan majlis-majlis formal.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Di antara alat-alat muzik yang digunakan dalam gamelan ialah :</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div> <img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSF4PYnLZfBpkbaoIKjPPCEidGquj5Grhnc18ngfgQU_oj08hiD3SFl3Q1stXEcITbANMm7pbI28CMgPc57ciTjMbNKwZ-jibCC0RewcbbHuwFAGohJBMkf5EEJFGtqw_PC8lgrwId3AjF/s400/gamelan.jpeg" style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 135px; height: 79px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338280298761051554" /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><ol><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Gong</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Gendang</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Banang atau Kromong</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Kenung</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Gambang kayu</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Saron barong</span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Saron pekin</span></li></ol><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;">Lihat video di bawah</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dz0EP3s3m2gMNqlUls3lPDMkgcQletjpjq9UyHY-CL6_Xr_EieFH26_8eJUwdcJNTA5s_Lep3xTWEsf3nV6xA' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 0); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-size:large;">Gamelan</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;font-size:18px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;font-size:18px;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">LATIHAN ATAS TALIAN</span></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">SOALAN 1</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0); font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">Lihat gambar di bawah.</span></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgZdwyO4j7QYScu-yXgZ5-48qdabury_i3eZGpnOhbNJXXWG4giuntdFS89S_ii8phtd-8j4X6YrxrL9kPRn04GGSutmesTebyMwXco5sU_icFZzGkvsaw5LITOns3UkILnY8OwNhyphenhyphen0eWO/s400/bangra.jpeg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 150px; height: 113px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338283738382579666" /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">Gambar 1</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIQT6N4KG7FKJAqpFpj-Q1mrA7igc6YbCatU7p0z-T6Hcmb_l5VxW0V1jE_huaGDGUH19YUM7uYCQFu-312Podd1O92Cub-5hZB-8tz-hPinadivqsAyibFwJlz-fGq3G6O22EsnB_WPhX/s400/kuda+kepang.jpeg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 110px; height: 111px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338283726918129746" /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"> Gambar 2</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw7qTcVEYT9tWyPClDij-gt5tf4j1F2Ey9nue9OZsQ08Iwpzgpyrhj6YJNDayK1eK_fzZWW_r9idxP5eTaDR0xRPtGVDJB_Tt07j9PLI1X9iAIUmu3CukEUQql7A4Yxs6L-64NoLwuqFpR/s400/naga.jpeg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 116px; height: 87px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5338283732819489026" /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"> Gambar 3</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">Dengan menggunakan enjin gelintar cari maklumat tentang :</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><ol><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Jenis tarian pada gambar di atas</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Peralatan yang digunakan</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Bila tarian tersebut ditarikan</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Tujuan tarian tersebut dipersembahkan</span></span></span></li></ol></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Pastikan anda menyalin semua maklumat yang anda perolehi ke dalam perisian Microsoft Office Word atau lain-lain perisian yang diarahkan oleh guru anda.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Pastikan anda membuat suntingan semula.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Setelah selesai cetak hasil kerja anda.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Kumpulkan semua maklumat yang anda perolehi bermula daripada tajuk-tajuk:</span></span></span></div><div><ol><li style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Warisan Budaya Bangsa</span></span></span></li><li style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">Alat-alat muzik</span></span></span></li></ol><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); ">Jadikan maklumat-maklumat tersebut sebagai buku skrap. Hantar kepada guru Pendidikan Sivik dan Kewarganegaraan anda atau bagi anda yang mempunyai e-mail dapatkan alamat e-mail guru anda, minta bantuan guru anda atau guru ICT anda untuk membuat </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic; ">attachment file</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); "> dan hantar dengan menggunakan e-mail.</span><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;">SOALAN 2</span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-style: italic;">Perhatikan video berikut :</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dzoTGrEml10Oy_s9CUes4jNz8B5EuWL_Sy2xuPZIeUelyS6p7HaMl_fiyPMabehKNf-BjUCHBWN07KJww7CZA' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Bincangkan dalam kumpulan </span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><ol><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Namakan tarian yang terdapat di dalam video di atas.</span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Senaraikan alat-alat muzik yang digunakan untuk mengiringi tarian tersebut.</span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Bilakah tarian ini dipersembahkan</span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Apakah tujuan tarian tersebut dipersembahkan.</span></span></li></ol><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "><a href="http://jamhari70.blogspot.com/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">Cikgu JR</span></span></a></span></div></div>PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-55017642439759093682009-05-20T06:37:00.000-07:002009-05-20T08:36:19.453-07:00Kenali Budaya Bangsa 2Unit 7 : Hargai Warisan Budaya Bangsa
<br />
<br />Objektif :
<br />1. Mengenali warisan budaya masyarakat Malaysia
<br />2. Hidup bersama dalam masyarakat pelbagai kaum
<br />3. Berbangga dengan kekayaan warisan budaya Malaysia
<br />
<br />
<br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Muzik</span></span>
<br />
<br />Alat-alat muzik terdapat dalam pelabagai jenis dan berbeza mengikut kaum. Di antara alat-alat muzik kaum-kaum di Malaysia adalah seperti :
<br />
<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjput2BeiG0qvzld4cssv9qW08tAwUse_CPowGZSvJqE41Dtjt9BR-kmzlkt3cQTH8QD-L7zEJoxNTDKhDgo37JmgYymQar0gHD-NnHCuyycJ7YNR6v7oI0A7wSITGD6UIfbCbdhOVKWicd/s1600-h/alat.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 558px; height: 323px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjput2BeiG0qvzld4cssv9qW08tAwUse_CPowGZSvJqE41Dtjt9BR-kmzlkt3cQTH8QD-L7zEJoxNTDKhDgo37JmgYymQar0gHD-NnHCuyycJ7YNR6v7oI0A7wSITGD6UIfbCbdhOVKWicd/s400/alat.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337900818160654386" border="0" /></a><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0); font-weight: bold;font-size:130%;" >1. Kompang</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">( Kaum Melayu )</span></span>
<br />
<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUucsP8ASlf9ski96rOKM_rCE_BWglgYp41doE-kxcquIrkMyotJKh5LAJvxyOYXx2SnwRlB-3mNmSRunC6i_Z9LyY-j1lN_Ykfz1Oom1DdS1U5HLxBlSs3MIlqnPJx5jFRDZi5F0lnaRo/s1600-h/kompang.jpeg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 87px; height: 92px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUucsP8ASlf9ski96rOKM_rCE_BWglgYp41doE-kxcquIrkMyotJKh5LAJvxyOYXx2SnwRlB-3mNmSRunC6i_Z9LyY-j1lN_Ykfz1Oom1DdS1U5HLxBlSs3MIlqnPJx5jFRDZi5F0lnaRo/s200/kompang.jpeg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337901426658805570" border="0" /></a>
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mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" >Kompang</span></b></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:85%;" > ialah sejenis alat muzik tradisional yang paling popular bagi masyarakat <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melayu" title="Melayu"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Melayu</span></a>. Ia tergolong dalam kumpulan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat_muzik" title="Alat muzik"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">alat muzik</span></a> <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gendang" title="Gendang"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">gendang</span></a>. <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulit" title="Kulit"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Kulit</span></a> kompang biasanya diperbuat daripada kulit <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kambing" title="Kambing"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">kambing</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:85%;" >Pada kebiasaannya, seurat rotan akan diselit dari bahagian belakang antara kulit dan bingkai kayu bertujuan menengangkan permukaan kompang, bertujuan menguatkan bunyi kompang. Kini, gelung plastik turut digunakan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:85%;" >Alat muzik ini berasal dari dunia <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab" title="Arab"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Arab</span></a> dan dipercayai dibawa masuk ke Tanah Melayu sama ada ketika zaman <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesultanan_Melaka" title="Kesultanan Melaka"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Kesultanan Melaka</span></a> oleh pedagang India Muslim, atau melalui <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawa" title="Jawa"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Jawa</span></a> pada abad ke-13 oleh pedagang <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab" title="Arab"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Arab</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" ><span style="font-size:85%;">Kompang biasanya berukuran enam belas inci ukur lilit dan ditutup dengan kepingan kulit pada sebelah permukaan. Ia mempunyai bukaan cetek dan dimainkan dengan memegang dengan sebelah tangan sementara dipalu dengan sebelah tangan yang lain.</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyIjRGzUYYhl0RXwyWgWb1-l55IihD5_aHkoSLc23OIP05BFSGnSBPBEL7nOzsgLPguSTf4yFGSCvEh6LuEIQ' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe>
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mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style=";font-family:";font-size:24;" ><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">2. Erhu </span></span></span></b><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">( KaumCina )</span></span><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbSdWzjWxgGcnQGkXgH5yav2eAhou3apjjeeKtagTzl9-9pTb-8TsCv5Ek33LfjzRgnSinEMtYdK_Z4HO9CJvPQDu02rOwZyqmOgQZpHBzboo7NoCg2wo6F73TgSU81ugf92ydJvwfVgRz/s1600-h/sape.jpeg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 103px; height: 137px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbSdWzjWxgGcnQGkXgH5yav2eAhou3apjjeeKtagTzl9-9pTb-8TsCv5Ek33LfjzRgnSinEMtYdK_Z4HO9CJvPQDu02rOwZyqmOgQZpHBzboo7NoCg2wo6F73TgSU81ugf92ydJvwfVgRz/s200/sape.jpeg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337913716772620194" border="0" /></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" ><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><strong><span style=";font-family:";" >Pengenalan</span></strong> <!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Pengenalan_Alat" -->Erh-Hu adalah alatan bertali jenis lute dibuat dalam tiga saiz; kecil, sedang dan besar. <!-- InstanceEndEditable --> <strong><span style=";font-family:";" >Fungsi</span></strong> <!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Fungsi_Alat" -->Alat ini digunakan sebagai alat solo untuk hiburan, dan juga digunakan dalam orkestra untuk mengiringi opera Cina.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyRL9-IQVigf_tqImC8EYdKCG0VMbWvz9Ip49wEU4eJlLrGkla-BT9wU1QFk5987xV7i-vAqjNV2wSyJU-M9g' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;">
<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Erhu</span></span></span>
<br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
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mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style=";font-family:";font-size:24;" ><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">3. Sapeh </span></span></span></b><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">( Sarawak )</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOngA9aJT4l0AncrAlkyy_47iY_38TXW35XJBrglYOmj_9YkWB1nRX5LvLuyQGzjgbJrsqqReBv-R7Mke48_JaoCL2GuQoMg9WwOqp8EDFvRhcYJ9ADPI3EB8cm0TjehiQ8z8RwE2DV7GB/s1600-h/erhu.jpeg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 69px; height: 135px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOngA9aJT4l0AncrAlkyy_47iY_38TXW35XJBrglYOmj_9YkWB1nRX5LvLuyQGzjgbJrsqqReBv-R7Mke48_JaoCL2GuQoMg9WwOqp8EDFvRhcYJ9ADPI3EB8cm0TjehiQ8z8RwE2DV7GB/s200/erhu.jpeg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337908009153358434" border="0" /></a><strong><span style=";font-family:";" >Pengenalan</span></strong> <!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Pengenalan_Alat" -->Berbentuk seperti gambus panjang bertali empat. Badannya panjang dan berbentuk hampir empat segi dan diperbuat dari kayu jokuvang. Dipermukaan sapeh ini kebiasaannya didapati ukiran bermotif orang Iban Sarawak serta diwarnakan samada merah atau hitam.
<br /><!-- InstanceEndEditable --> <strong><span style=";font-family:";" >Fungsi</span></strong> <!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Fungsi_Alat" -->Alat ini popular di kalangan kaum Kenyah dan Kelabit di Sarawak.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">
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<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dzUqBFYsGtnixbG_KR9InNVmZ8Qw6CPP2-CRxAnoTubJ5zfmPbhTLLqrfy75mS8IvclCJvBJYLAJna7EP4G7g' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">Sapeh</span></span></span>
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mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style=";font-family:";font-size:24;" ><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">4. SOMPOTON </span></span></span></b><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">( Sabah )</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkSB1EHh9Phdm0dQhvNpoVwSc7PBY70D_ibi659qbRNgXg35BBRf0Y6pnfaBtdu6fKRL1G8f4kvULXqhc3ICROD6nUurPyLQlgkz00Kc24GT4Saze_Y9YDcCMVlZh5IEn7UadNTnreyy3B/s1600-h/sompoton.jpeg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 116px; height: 116px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkSB1EHh9Phdm0dQhvNpoVwSc7PBY70D_ibi659qbRNgXg35BBRf0Y6pnfaBtdu6fKRL1G8f4kvULXqhc3ICROD6nUurPyLQlgkz00Kc24GT4Saze_Y9YDcCMVlZh5IEn7UadNTnreyy3B/s200/sompoton.jpeg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337920700220953282" border="0" /></a><strong><span style=";font-family:";" >Pengenalan</span></strong> <!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Pengenalan_Alat" -->Diperbuat dari labu air yang telah dikeringkan. Lapan batang buluh kecil disusun dalam dua lapisan dan dimasukkan kebahagian buah labu tersebut dengan menebuk. Gam kelulut digunakan untuk melekatkan batang-batang buluh tersebut juga untuk menahan angin dari keluar melalui celah-celah buluh apabila tiupan dilakukan. Salah satu daripada buluh ini tidak berfungsi hanya untuk memperseimbangkan kedudukan bentuk alat tersebut. Beberapa kepingan kecil plat buluh diletakkan pada dasar tiap-tiap tepian buluh untuk menghasilkan bunyi mengikut kod muzik yang telah ditentukan.<!-- InstanceEndEditable --> <strong><span style=";font-family:";" >Fungsi</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"> <!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Fungsi_Alat" -->Alat ini dimainkan oleh suku kaum Kadazan di Sabah dalam persembahan nyanyian dan tarian. Sompotan boleh dimainkan secara hiburan persendirian atau kumpulan untuk mengiringi tarian.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dzT99MUejAbE5-0UvW6m1j1s6jaeVq_z2EFsad9eXvJ0WkQXXnffxSYWPc2PzfdyWm1FyQldkmigSU6Y1Qp_Q' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">Sompoton</span></span></span>
<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><b><span style=";font-family:";font-size:24;" ><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">5. Nadaswaram </span></span></span></b><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);"><span style="font-weight: bold;">( Kaum India )</span></span></p>
<br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFeeF_dAbcJlQX6N5e3lO9IlrQXXwXtOp4u2CqmnjFSvlvdcT7lmX1zjYYYqZDJlz91VDsSZXZigRbC_Ipx-RXMIZW8KfYiFcTMBCTv-aE9AEVU4MXRQ0Na3ZMVr28537brkzkCvhMETe5/s1600-h/nadaswaram.jpeg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 95px; height: 122px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFeeF_dAbcJlQX6N5e3lO9IlrQXXwXtOp4u2CqmnjFSvlvdcT7lmX1zjYYYqZDJlz91VDsSZXZigRbC_Ipx-RXMIZW8KfYiFcTMBCTv-aE9AEVU4MXRQ0Na3ZMVr28537brkzkCvhMETe5/s200/nadaswaram.jpeg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337928141928765522" border="0" /></a></p><div style="text-align: center;"> <span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" ><o:p></o:p></span></div> </div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dzETcT2crmLxJuVtgh9xhqGzJCFIzj_E8cejTI_asunm1QVtzfdevvWTMmvsmId1apnpi00vncWj0CF_Lblfw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe>
<br />
<br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">Nadaswaram</span></span>
<br /></div>PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-74332935579955801262009-05-20T00:17:00.000-07:002009-05-20T08:43:52.014-07:00Kenali Budaya Bangsa 1<span style="font-style: italic;">Unit 7 : Hargai Warisan Budaya Bangsa
<br />
<br />Objektif :</span>
<br /><span style="font-style: italic;">1. Mengenali warisan budaya masyarakat Malaysia
<br />2. Hidup bersama dalam masyarakat pelbagai kaum
<br />3. Berbangga dengan kekayaan warisan budaya Malaysia
<br /></span>
<br />
<br />
<br />Malaysia terdiri daripada pelbagai kaum dan etnik. Setiap kaum mempunyai budaya dan warisan tersendiri seperti :
<br />
<br />1. Tarian
<br />2. Muzik
<br />3. Bahasa
<br />4. Dialek
<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNdEIxGTKvfQwYFBjwcaylh5tWMAHIaynzfRtDaKcT78jAFcM8qyqz4yHLpkbu8hhE6TSMS0iI-YwkpB4mz7latCmJSDeqPfV8Dbw4OvYt1M7IxKqgXAtRtvg0TbY5PUjBwq8-Y84SVDPt/s1600-h/msia.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 398px; height: 255px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNdEIxGTKvfQwYFBjwcaylh5tWMAHIaynzfRtDaKcT78jAFcM8qyqz4yHLpkbu8hhE6TSMS0iI-YwkpB4mz7latCmJSDeqPfV8Dbw4OvYt1M7IxKqgXAtRtvg0TbY5PUjBwq8-Y84SVDPt/s200/msia.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337802236008230450" border="0" /></a>
<br />
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mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p style="font-weight: bold;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:180%;">TARIAN :</span></p><p style="font-weight: bold;" class="MsoNormal">
<br /></p><p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:180%;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Seni tari merupakan sebahagian daripada budaya kita. Dalam masyarakat tradisional, tarian dipersembahkan semasa majlis keramaian. Budaya tradisional dalam tarian masih wujud sehingga ke hari ini. Berikut adalah sebahagian daripada jenis-jenis tarian tradisional kaum-kaum di Malaysia.</span></span>
<br /></span></p> <span style="font-weight: bold;">1. Tarian Masyarakat Melayu</span>
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<br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Tarian Inang</span></span>
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<br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">2. Tarian Masyarakat Cina</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Tarian Kipas</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">3. Tarian Masyarakat India</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Tarian Bharata Natyam</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">3. Tarian Masyarakat Iban</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">( Sarawak )</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Tarian Ngajat</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">4. Tarian Masyarakat Kadazandusun ( Sabah )</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 51, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Tarian Sumazau</span>
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<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);">Latihan secara atas talian.</span></span>
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<br />1. Buka laman enjin gelintar sama ada menggunakan yahoo, google, MSN atau mana-mana enjin gelintar, dapatkan maklumat mengenai terperinci setiap tarian seperti:</span></span>
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<br /><ol><li>Tarian Inang</li><li>Tarian Bharata Natyam</li><li>Tarian Kipas</li><li>Tarian Ngajat</li><li>Tarian Sumazau
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<br /><span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);">2. Salin dan tampal maklumat yang anda perolehi ke dalam Microsoft word. Cetak salinan yang telah anda buat.
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<br /><span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);">Minta bantuan guru anda jika </span></span><span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0);">terdapat sebarang masalah.
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<br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><a href="http://panitiasvkskmt.blogspot.com/2009/05/kenali-budaya-bangsa-2.html"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);">Klik di sini untuk meneruskan pembelajaran</span></a>
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<br /></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-88693723968805772832009-05-18T23:32:00.000-07:002009-05-18T23:40:23.534-07:00Hari Kebangsaan Malaysia<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoMWYVshYK40FtxHYhNYKdDSBeOY8TtMrjcbGg08eCp8_sTvgdvCf0_El7wZDjMeZeMeQF-DeS7eHsb8jHZGykxjzIDtG1HvXlnmSdsWCuWFvD_3CZKhH_jfp-A7QM5I8E_0ZCUx2gLSGS/s1600-h/malaysia.gif"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 68px; height: 50px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoMWYVshYK40FtxHYhNYKdDSBeOY8TtMrjcbGg08eCp8_sTvgdvCf0_El7wZDjMeZeMeQF-DeS7eHsb8jHZGykxjzIDtG1HvXlnmSdsWCuWFvD_3CZKhH_jfp-A7QM5I8E_0ZCUx2gLSGS/s200/malaysia.gif" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5337421204141208898" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Yang di-Pertuan Agong Tuanku Abdul Rahman ibni Almarhum Tuanku Muhammad dibawa menyaksikan perbarisan ketika Hari Kebangsaan Tanah Melayu 1958<br />Hari Kebangsaan Malaysia disambut di seluruh negara pada setiap 31 Ogos setiap tahun bagi menandakan negara bebas daripada belenggu penjajahan sejak 1511. Hari kebangsaan merupakan peristiwa utama dan disambut secara besar-besaran dengan mengadakan perarakan warna warni, konsert, pertunjukan pentas, pertandingan dan pelbagai lagi pertunjukan yang diadakan di tempat-tempat yang ditetapkan setiap tahun. Pada 31 Ogos, 2007, Malaysia telah menyambut ulangtahun hari kemerdekaan yang ke-50.<br />Kemeriahan Hari Kebangsaan dapat dirasakan bermula menjelangnya pukul 12.00 malam di mana bunga api yang berwarna-warni bergemerlapan di udara. Begitu juga acara perbarisan yang diwakili oleh pelbagai agensi turut diadakan bagi memeriahkan lagi suasana hari tersebut. Hari kebangsaan disambut paling meriah di Kuala Lumpur terutama di Dataran Merdeka.<br />Sambutan hari kebangsaan secara besar-besaran juga dibuat di Putrajaya. Bangunan- bangunan perniagaan, rumah kediaman dan kereta-kereta akan memasang dan mengibarkan bendera Malaysia, Jalur Gemilang, dan ini menyemarakkan lagi suasana perayaan. Hari kebangsaan merupakan hari cuti am di Malaysia.<br /><br /><br /><a href="http://skmelati2.brinkster.net/sivik/tahun 6/Logo dan Tema Hari Kebangsaan.pdf">TEMA-TEMA DAN LOGO-LOGO HARI KEBANGSAAN ( KLIK )</a>PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-77485938801545766112009-05-16T09:05:00.000-07:002009-05-16T10:51:35.092-07:00Unit 5 : Peranan Agensi Tempatan<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyAaIZcneFDEWTIFUi7j1U55cItKEzwSGLDkZ1GZVRJvL-6Q_nnNreddDU5BTioKfI_zO1tOf-7cFoZGpOFtA' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe>
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<br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-weight: bold;">1. Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia</span>
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rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" >A. Sejarah</span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Perkhidmatan bomba di <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> bermula pada tahun 1883 </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >melalui penubuhan Skuad Bomba dan Penyelamat Negeri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor" title="Selangor">Selangor</a> yang diketuai oleh H.F.Bellamy dan 15 anggota. Pada tahun 1946 sebaik sahaja tamat <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Dunia_Kedua" title="Perang Dunia Kedua">Perang Dunia Kedua</a></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >, Perkhidmatan Bomba Malayan Union (MUS) ditubuhkan dengan Flight Lt. W.J Gerumandi sebagai Pengarah Perkhidmatan Bomba Malayan Union. MUS </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >berpengkalan di <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Melalui perjanjian Persekutuan Tanah Melayu, perkhidmatan bomba dan penyelamat diserahkan kepada </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >pengurusan kerajaan negeri. Perkhidmatan tersebut kemudian disatukan sebagai satu jabatan persekutuan pada 1 Januari 1976 di bawah <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kementerian_Perumahan_dan_Kerajaan_Tempatan_Malaysia" title="Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan Malaysia">Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan </a></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kementerian_Perumahan_dan_Kerajaan_Tempatan_Malaysia" title="Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan Malaysia">Tempatan Malaysia</a>. 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line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-weight: bold;">B. 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<br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Keterangan: </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Bahagian atas logo Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia terdapat bentuk bulan sabit dan bintang yang membawa makna bahawa nilai-nilai Islam dan nilai-nilai murni diserapkan ke dalam budaya Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Topi keledar dan kapak bersilang bermaksud keselamatan kepada personel Jabatan yang memberikan perkhidmatan yang professional. Bunga padi melambangkan kuasa untuk melaksanakan Akta 341 dan juga kemakmuran negara. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Warna merah melambangkan semangat keberanian yang tinggi, melambangkan Jabatan menawarkan perkhidmatan yang berkualiti ("a golden service") kepada pelanggan dan warna biru melambangkan air yang digunakan sebagai media utama pemadaman kebakaran.
<br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:130%;">
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mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} </style> <![endif]--> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;font-size:130%;" >C. Piagam bomba</span><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" ><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" ><o:p> </o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Komitmen kami kepada masyarakat adalah memberi khidmat kebombaan dan penyelamatan yang profesional dan berkesan.</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" > <span style=""><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="75" preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:formulas> <v:path extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect"> <o:lock ext="edit" aspectratio="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" spid="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="." style="'width:9pt;height:9pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\jr\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title=""> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kami berjanji sentiasa memberi khidmat kemanusiaan</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kami berjanji untuk mempastikan dan menentukan aspek-aspek keselamatan dan pencegahan kebakaran di bangunan-bangunan sentiasa mematuhi undang-undang.
<br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:130%;">
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><span style=""><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_4" spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="." style="'width:9pt;height:9pt;"> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\jr\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title=""> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" ><span style="font-weight: bold;">Kami berjanji sentiasa berusaha untuk memberi kesedaran mengenai keselamatan dan pencegahan kebakaran kepada orang ramai dengan efektif.</span></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:130%;">
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class="MsoNormal"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-weight: bold;">D, Tanggungjawab</span></span></p><p style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:130%;">
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >1. Mencari dan menyelamat mangsa-mangsa yang terperangkap<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >2. Mencegah insiden daripada menjadi besar dengan cara melawan kebakaran,<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >mengawal kebocoran kimia dan lain-lain situasi berbahaya.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >3. Mengumpul maklumat dan mengkaji kemerbahayaan untuk menasihati pihak Polis<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >supaya tindakan pengungsian (evacuation) kawasan dilakukan.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >4. Bekerjasama dengan pihak Polis untuk mengadakan sempadan / zon operasi<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >(innercordon) disekeliling insiden sebenar bagi membolehkan JBPM melaksanakan<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >pengawasan dan pengawalan operasi.</span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >5. Memastikan keselamatan kesemua petugas yang terlibat dalam kerja menyelamat.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >6. Mengambilkira kesan insiden ke atas alam sekitar dan mengambil tindakan untuk<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >mengurangkan kesan akibat insiden.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >7. Bekerjasama dengan pegawai perubatan insiden dan lain-lain pegawai perubatan<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >serta dengan pihak ambulan untuk memberikan bantuan kepada mangsa yang<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >memerlukan dan juga untuk memindahkan pesakit.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >8. Membantu pihak Polis untuk mencari mangsa-mangsa yang terkorban.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >9. Menjalankan penyiasatan di mana diperlukan dan menyediakan laporan serta buktibukti.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >10. Sentiasa bersedia di kawasan insiden untuk mempastikan keadaan selamat dan terkawal.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="MsoNormal"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
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115%;font-family:";" ><span style="font-size:180%;">Majlis Daerah</span><o:p></o:p></span></b>
<br />
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text-indent:-18.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Symbol;} ol {margin-bottom:0cm;} ul {margin-bottom:0cm;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" >Majlis Daerah</span></b></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" > ialah nama bagi sebuah kerajaan tempatan atau pihak berkuasa tempatan (PBT) yang mentadbir kawasan luar bandar di Malaysia.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b>Kerajaan tempatan di Malaysia</b> merupakan kerajaan di peringkat paling rendah dalam sesuatu sistem <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan" title="Kerajaan">kerajaan</a><a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cukai" title="Cukai">cukai</a> yang terhad seperti cukai pintu. Selain itu agensi kerajaan ini boleh menguatkuasakan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undang-undang_kecil" title="Undang-undang kecil">undang-undang kecil</a> (atau <i>by-laws</i>) kepada penduduk yang berada di dalam kawasan pentadbiran mereka. Lazimnya pegawai tertinggi di dalam kerajaan tempatan dipanggil <i><a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datuk_bandar&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Datuk bandar (tidak wujud)">Datuk bandar</a></i> bagi bandar raya, manakala <i>Yang di-Pertua Majlis</i> atau <i>Presiden</i> bagi kawasan perbandaran dan juga Majlis-majlis daerah.</span> di Malaysia. Ia berkuasa untuk mengenakan </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" >A. Tugas<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Sistem kerajaan tempatan di Malaysia dijala</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >nkan berlandaskan prinsip <i>ultra-vires</i> (b. Latin untuk <i>melangkaui kuasa</i>) dan juga kecekapan umum (b. Inggeris: <i>general competence</i>). Namun begitu, PBT telah diberikan kuasa yang luas di bawah Akta Kerajaan Tempatan 1976. Peranan dan fungsi yang dimandatkan kepadanya bukan sahaja meliputi tugas-tugas wajib malah boleh menjalankan tugas menurut budi bicara mereka sendiri. Tugas-tugas wajib itu termasuk pengumpulan sampah, penyengaraaan lampu-lampu jalan dan juga aktiviti-aktiviti berkaitan kesihatan awam. Fungsi budi bicara itu pula termasuklah peranan pembangunan seperti menyediakan kemudahan-kemudahan awam, taman-taman rekreasi, perumahan dan juga kegiatan-kegiatan perdagangan. Menurut Akta 171, PBT diserahkan peranan dan tugas-tugas berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kuasa <i>perancang tempatan</i><o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kuasa mengeluarkan lesen</span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kuasa mengenakan cukai-cukai tertentu<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Membina bangunan, perumahan dan unit-unit perdagangan (pasar, gerai-gerai dsb.)<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kuasa untuk menjalankan fungsi merancang dan menguruskan kawasan bandar<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Mengurus dan mengawal lalulintas (termasuk mengurus sistem pengangkutan awam bandaran)<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kuasa untuk merancang dan menyediakan kemudaha-kemudahan awam<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Secara amnya, tugas dan peranan PBT ini boleh dikategorikan kepada alam sekitar, orang awam, sosial dan juga pembangunan.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" >i Alam Sekitar<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Tugas ini berkenaan penyenggaraan dan penambahbaikan kawasan persekitaran di bawah bidang kuasa mereka. Ia meliputi perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan seperti pembersihan, pengumpulan dan pembuangan sisa-sisa pejal, perparitan dan pembentungan yang sempurna selain program-program mengindahkan kawasan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" >ii. Orang awam<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Peranan ini termasuklah perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan rumah penyembelihan, perkhidmatan veterinar, pengangkutan, kawasan-kawasan pengkebumian dan juga tempat membakar mayat.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Di samping itu, PBT turut bertanggungjawab menguruskan sistem kebersihan dan sisa pejal, membersihkan parit-parit dan jalan-jalan, malah menyenggara keseluruhan persekitaran di kawasannya. Pelesenan gerai-gerai jualan, peniaga-peniaga kecil-kecilan, pekedai dan pengusaha perniagaan yang secara lahiriahnya boleh mengganggu ketenteraman awam turut dipertanggungjawabkan kepada PBT.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><b><span style=";font-family:";" >iii. Sosial<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Beberapa kawasan perbandaran yang lebih besar dan membangun turut menyediakan kemudahan-kemudahan sosial </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >seperti pusat penjagaan anak-anak, klinik-klinik di bawah program kesihatan mereka, ambulans dan juga kenderaan jenazah. Selain itu, mereka turut menyenggara air-air pancut, menyediakan pencahayaan jalan-jalan awam dan kemudahan-kemudahan lainnya serta menyediakan tenaga buruh manual dan membantu kerajan negeri atau pejabat-pejabat daerah dalam penganjuran kemudahan-kemudahan sosial secara <i>ad hoc</i> di peringkat negeri mahupun daerah.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><a name="Pembangunan"></a><b><span style=";font-family:";" >iv. Pembangunan<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Peranan ini lebih menurut budi bicara PBT tersebut. Walaupun PBT dianggap sebagai alat penting dalam pemodenan sosio-ekonomi setempat, kekurangan sumber kewangan dan kemampuan fizikal mengekang takat dan fungsi yang boleh mereka sediakan. Dalam hal ini, majlis-majlis daerah selalunya menghadapi masalah.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><a name="Bidang_kuasa"></a><b><span style=";font-family:";" >B. Bidang kuasa</span></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Hari ini, kerajaan tempatan di Malaysia dikawal selia oleh kerajaan persekutuan melalui <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kementerian_Perumahan_dan_Kerajaan_Tempatan_Malaysia" title="Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan Malaysia">Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan</a> dan juga kerajaan negeri melalui ahli majlis mesyuarat kerajaan negeri (atau <i>Exco</i>, kependekan bagi <i>Executive Counciller</i>) yang memegang portfolio kerajaan tempatan. Penguasa tempatan di Sabah dikawal oleh kabinet negeri melalui Kementerian Kerajaan Tempatan dan Perumahan manakala di Sarawak pula tugas-tugas menyelia diserahkan kepada Kementerian Alam Sekitar dan Kesihatan Awam.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Pegawai tertinggi di sesebuah kerajaan tempatan di Malaysia bergantung kepada status kerajaan tempatan itu. Bagi sebuah bandar raya, pegawai tertinggi itu digelar sebagai <i>Datuk bandar</i>. Bagi sebuah majlis perbandaran mahupun majlis daerah, pegawai itu dipanggil <i>Yang Di-Pertua</i>. Di Sabah dan Sarawak, ketua eksekutif penguasa tempatan biasanya digelas <i>Presiden</i> atau <i>Pengerusi</i>. Pemegang jawatan ini, yang lazimnya datang daripada kalangan kakitangan kerajaan negeri, dilantik oleh ketua negeri (sultan atau gabenor) atas nasihat kerajaan negeri.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >Kadangkala, bagi sesebuah kawasan luar bandar yang kurang membangun, Pegawai daerah turut dipilih memegang jawatan ini. Perkara ini telah mengakibatkan kekeliruan di kalangan orang awam terutamanya di kawasan yang baru dinaik taraf menjadi kawasan perbandaran. Tidak semua <i>Pegawai daerah</i> menganggotai sesebuah kerajaan tempatan, sebaliknya beliau merupakan pegawai tertinggi yang mewakili kerajaan negeri bagi seluruh daerah </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" >itu dan beliau tidak terlibat secara langsung dengan perjalanan sesebuah kerajaan tempatan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="font-size:130%;">
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class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b><span style=";font-family:";font-size:24;" >3. Rukun Tetangga<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:12;">Rukun Tetangga</span><span style="font-size:12;"> merupakan satu program sukarela yang bertujuan untuk membantu dalam pembangunan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masyarakat" title="Masyarakat">masyarakat</a> setempat di <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>. Konsep program ini hampir sama seperti <i>Neighbourhood Watch</i> seperti yang diamalkan di United Kingdom.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:12;">Sehingga Mei 2006 sebanyak 3,228 Kawasan Rukun Tetangga (KRT) telah ditubuhkan di seluruh Negara.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:18;">A. Sejarah</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:12;">Rukun Tetangga telah ditubuhkan oleh kerajaan Malaysia pada tahun <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a> asalnya untuk menjamin keselamatan penduduk setempat . Satu akta yang dikenali sebagai Peraturan Rukun Tetangga 1975 (P.U. (A) 279/75) telah diluluskan untuk memberikan kuasa-kuasa tertentu kepada pertubuhan tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:12;">Pada 1984, fokus pertubuhan ini bertukar kepada merapatkan hubungan di antara pelbagai kaum di Malaysia. Kemudian pada 2001, fokus program ini sekali lagi bertukar kepada fokus sekarang, iaitu pembangunan masyarakat setempat.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" face="arial" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a name="Peranan"></a><span style="font-size:18;">B. Peranan</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size:12;">Peranan utama Rukun Tetangga ialah menganjurkan kumpulan-kumpulan rondaan yang bertugas pada waktu malam untuk mengurangkan kegiatan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenayah" title="Jenayah">jenayah</a> di sekitar kawasan kejiranan. Anggota kumpulan rondaan biasanya dianggotai oleh ahli-ahli masyarakat di kawasan kejiranan tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:12;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Selain itu, setiap KRT digalakkan menganju</span></span><span style="font-size:12;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">rkan seberapa banyak kegiatan berbentuk kemasyarakatan, kebajikan dan pendidikan selain program meningkatkan perpaduan dan integrasi kaum.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; font-family: arial;">
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<br /></p><a href="http://skmelati2.brinkster.net/sivik/tahun%206/peranan%20agensi%20tempatan.html"><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-size:130%;" ><span style="font-weight: bold;">JAWAB SOALAN KUIZ DI SINI</span></span></a><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block;font-size:130%;" id="formatbar_Buttons" ><span class="" style="display: block;" id="formatbar_JustifyFull" title="Justify Full" onmouseover="ButtonHoverOn(this);" onmouseout="ButtonHoverOff(this);" onmouseup="" onmousedown="CheckFormatting(event);FormatbarButton('richeditorframe', this, 13);ButtonMouseDown(this);"><img src="http://www.blogger.com/img/blank.gif" alt="Justify Full" class="gl_align_full" border="0" /></span></span><span style="font-size:130%;">
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:130%;" ><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-28090321015033048042009-05-16T08:55:00.000-07:002009-05-17T00:46:19.437-07:00Pemasyhuran Kemerdekaan<h3 style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxn-onU62r2OU27aOViqXUp1L0u8Lu0AF0T-A8vokSxPKwElEQD886jpqOHBLXILLOguz70lYgXTGuwaJJX' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></h3><div style="text-align: center;">
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<br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Pengisytiharan</span> <span style="font-family:arial;">Sebelum pemasyhuran kemerdekaan Tanah Melayu dibuat, pada 30 Ogos 1957 pukul 12.00 tengah malam di Padang Kelab Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, telah diadakan upacara menurunkan bendera Union Jack bagi menandakan berakhirnya penjajahan British di Tanah </span> <span style="font-family:arial;">Melayu dan lahirnya sebuah negara baru yang berdaulat, setaraf dan setimpal dengan semua negara-negara yang berdaulat di dunia. Bendera Persekutuan Tanah Melayu telah dinaikkan oleh </span><span style="font-family:arial;">anggota Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia (TLDM) sambil disaksikan sendiri oleh Tunku Abdul Rahman.</span>
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Ogos">31 Ogos</a> <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> bertempat di stadium yang baru dirasmikan iaitu <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadium_Merdeka" title="Stadium Merdeka">Stadium Merdeka</a>, Kuala Lumpur telah menyaksikan peristiwa bersejarah bagi Tanah Melayu iaitu secara rasminya penyerahan pemerintahan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu daripada pemerintahan British kepada warganegara Tanah Melayu.</p> <p style="font-family: arial;">Hujan lebat yang turun sejak 3 pagi menyukarkan pergerakan dan sehingga 6.30 pagi, stadium masih belum dipenuhi oleh pengunjung. Ini menyebabkan upacara telah ditangguhkan selama sejam dan pengumuman majlis bermula kedengaran bukan pada pukul tujuh seperti yang dijangka tetapi pada pukul lapan. 2,000 orang tentera Persekutuan menumpang di sekolah-sekolah berhampiran stadium sebelum itu berarak dalam hujan dan tujuh batalion yang membuat perarakan ketika itu iaitu Rejimen Persekutuan, Skuadron Isyarat, Skuadron Jurutera, Tentera Laut Diraja Tanah Melayu, Tentera Laut Simpanan Diraja Tanah Melayu dan Askar Sivil Persekutuan.</p> <p style="font-family: arial;">Pada pukul 8, para media telah diberi pengumuman untuk bersedia dan semua peralatan kamera dan media ketika itu dipasang dengan perlindungan plastik atau pelapik kalis air lain di sekitar padang yang lembap. Kebetulan, hujan reda yang memungkin segala persiapan sebelum upacara bermula dapat dijalankan dengan mudah. Pengunjung bertambah ramai untuk menyaksikan upacara bersejarah ini.</p> <p style="font-family: arial;">Antara kumpulan pengunjung yang tiba di stadium adalah Kadet, Pengakap Laut (dengan pakaian putih, topi putih dan seluar pendek berwarna biru), Pandu Puteri (berpakaian biru muda), Pengakap (dengan kain skaf, berwarna merah dan emas, merah dan hitam, merah dan biru, merah dan putih), Pasukan Briged St. John's Ambulance dan Palang Merah British turut mengambil tempat di sisi stadium manakala kumpulan pancaragam dan pengawal kehormat berada di susur terowong masuk.</p> <p style="font-family: arial;">Kemudian, tetamu-temamu kehormat mula tiba Lord Chancellor dari <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> berpakaian yang sama seperti ketika dia menjadi hakim Mahkamah Tinggi Persekutuan. Pemangku Yang di-Pertuan Besar <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan" title="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</a> merupakan Raja Melayu yang pertama berangkat tiba diikuti <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tengku_Mahkota_Johor&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Tengku Mahkota Johor (tidak wujud)">Tengku Mahkota Johor</a> (dalam pakaian uniform tentera baginda) yang menggantikan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri_Perak" title="Negeri Perak">Perak</a> (berpakaian berwarna krim), Sultan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terengganu" title="Terengganu">Terengganu</a> (berpakaian emas bersama merah gelap dan hijau), Sultan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan" title="Kelantan">Kelantan</a> (berpakaian emas pucat), Sultan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a> (berpakaian biru dan perak) Raja <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlis" title="Perlis">Perlis</a> (berpakaian emas), Sultan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang" title="Pahang">Pahang</a> (berwarna merah senduduk dan dan perak) serta yang akhir sekali, baginda <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a> yang berpakaian perang serta memakai keris yang baru. Setiap daripada baginda diiringi bunyi nafiri dan berdiri di bawah payung kuning keemasan sambil Yang di-Pertuan Agong berjalan ke tempat duduk baginda. Pengunjung stadium masih lagi berdiri apabila Duke of Gloucester masuk sambil diiringi Sir Donald MacGillivray. Dengan ketibaan semua tetamu diraja, upacara Pengisytiharan dimulakan.</p> <p>Adikung Duke membawa watikah perlembagaan yang menyatakan pengunduran daripada perlindungan British terhadap negeri-negeri Melayu dan kedaulatan terhadap <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Pinang" title="Pulau Pinang">Pulau Pinang</a> dan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melaka" title="Melaka">Melaka</a>. Raja-raja Melayu mula melangkah ke pentas dan Duke mengambil tempat di depan pentas sambil menerima hormat diraja sambil diiringi oleh Sir Donald MacGillivray. Ketika itu merupakan kali terakhir satu-satu upacara negara menyanyikan lagi kebangsaan British di Persekutuan Tanah Melayu. Kemudian, baginda Duke membacakan perutusan daripada baginda <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratu_Elizabeth_II" title="Ratu Elizabeth II">Ratu Elizabeth II</a> akan pernyataan baginda yang mengalukan kemasukan Persekutuan ke dalam <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanwel" title="Komanwel">Komanwel</a> dan mendoakan kejayaan negara ini.</p> <p>Kemudian, Perdana Menteri Tunku Abdul Rahman bangun dari tempat duduknya dan menerima watikah perlembagaan sebagai lambang penyerahan kuasa pemerintahan sepenuhnya kepada Persekutuan Tanah Melayu. Duke mengambil tempat duduk dan Tunku mulakan ucapannya dalam <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Inggeris" title="Bahasa Inggeris">bahasa Inggeris</a>. Setelah Tunku mengucapkan penghargaan kepada Great Britain akan pertolongan untuk mencapai kemerdekaan, beliau mula membaca teks "Pengisytiharan Kemerdekaan".</p> <p>Pengisytiharan itu disambut dengan laungan "MERDEKA" 7 kali sebagai Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persekutuan_Tanah_Melayu" title="Persekutuan Tanah Melayu">Persekutuan Tanah Melayu</a> yang pertama di hadapan 20 ribu rakyat Persekutuan Tanah Melayu dan Raja-rajanya serta perwakilan dari 30 negara-negara <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanwel" title="Komanwel">Komanwel</a> dan negara-negara asing lainnya. <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalur_Gemilang" title="Jalur Gemilang">Bendera Persekutuan Tanah Melayu</a> telah dinaikkan dengan iringan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negaraku" title="Negaraku">Lagu Kebangsaan Negaraku</a> yang buat pertama kalinya diperdengarkan secara rasmi dalam sebuah negara baru. Diikuti pula selepas itu dengan seruan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azan" title="Azan">azan</a> sebagai simbolik lahirnya sebuah negara yang baru dan tembakan meriam seratus satu das.</p> <p>Dengan bunyi nobat nafiri, Yang di-Pertuan Agong diiringi oleh Duke of Gloucester, berangkat pergi dari pentas diikiuti oleh pemerintah Melayu yang lain, Perdana Menteri dan Sir Donald MacGillivray. Kemudian, Doa Selamat dibacakan bagi memohon keberkatan dan keredhaan Allah terhadap sebuah negara yang baru dilahirkan</p> <p>Dengan pengisytiharan itu, maka berakhirlah penjajahan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/British" title="British">Inggeris</a> dan kuasa Baginda Ratu ke atas Persekutuan Tanah Melayu termasuk <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Pinang" title="Pulau Pinang">Pulau Pinang</a> dan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melaka" title="Melaka">Melaka</a> iaitu sejak lebih 170 tahun. Pada hari itu juga Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British terakhir di Persekutuan Tanah Melayu, Sir Donald MacGillivray dan isterinya telah meninggalkan negara ini dan pulang ke <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>.</p> <h2><a name="Tetamu_kehormat"></a><span class="mw-headline">Tetamu kehormat</span></h2> <p>Apabila <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Melayu" title="Tanah Melayu">Tanah Melayu</a> meraikan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Kemerdekaan" title="Hari Kemerdekaan">Hari Kemerdekaannya</a> y</p> <p>ang pertama, hotel-hotel baru didirikan di serata <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> untuk menampung delegasi luar yang bakal datang setelah dijemput oleh Kerajaan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu untuk menyaksikan hari bersejarah tersebut.</p> <p>Barisan pertama perwakilan asing ke <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Melayu" title="Tanah Melayu">Tanah Melayu</a> ialah:</p> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Raja dan Permaisuri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siam" title="Siam">Siam</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Putera dan Puteri Mahkota <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun">Jepun</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom, Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Jawaharlal Nehru, Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Pham Van Dong, Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Solomon Bandaranaike, Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceylon" title="Ceylon">Ceylon</a> (Sri Lanka)</li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">U Nu, Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma" title="Burma">Burma</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Sim Var, Perdana Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemboja" title="Kemboja">Kemboja</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Sir Alexander Grantham, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabenor" title="Gabenor">Gabenor</a> <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> </li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">John Foster Dulles, Setiausaha Negara <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_Syarikat" title="Amerika Syarikat">Amerika Syarikat</a> (mewakili Presiden Amerika Syarikat)</li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Duta <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> dan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Lim Yew Hock, Ketua Menteri <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapura" title="Singapura">Singapura</a></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Putera Henry, Duke of Gloucester (wakil <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratu_Elizabeth_II" title="Ratu Elizabeth II">Ratu Elizabeth II</a>), Puteri Alice, Duchess of Gloucester dan Putera William of Gloucester</li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Sir <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Templer" title="Gerald Templer">Gerald Templer</a> (bekas <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pesuruhjaya_Tinggi_British&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British (tidak wujud)">Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British</a> di <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Melayu" title="Tanah Melayu">Tanah Melayu</a>) </li><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Lady Gurney dan Lady Gent (isteri bekas <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pesuruhjaya_Tinggi_British&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British (tidak wujud)">Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British</a> di <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Melayu" title="Tanah Melayu">Tanah Melayu</a>).</li></ul> <p style="font-family: arial;">Ketika mendarat di <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapangan_Terbang_Sungai_Besi" title="Lapangan Terbang Sungai Besi">Lapangan Terbang Sungai Besi</a>, tetamu kehormat telah disambut oleh <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pesuruhjaya_Tinggi_British&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British (tidak wujud)">Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British</a> di <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Melayu" title="Tanah Melayu">Tanah Melayu</a>, Sir <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Donald_Charles_MacGillivray&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Donald Charles MacGillivray (tidak wujud)">Donald Charles MacGillivray</a> dan Lady MacGillivray, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a> Tanah Mela</p> <p style="font-family: arial;">yu yang pertama, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman" title="Tuanku Abdul Rahman">Tuanku Abdul Rahman</a> diiringi <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_Permaisuri_Agong" title="Raja Permaisuri Agong">Raja Permaisuri Agong</a> dan Perdana Menteri Tanah Melayu yang pertama, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman" title="Tunku Abdul Rahman">Tunku Abdul Rahman</a>.</p><h2><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" 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dua bahasa iaitu <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu" title="Bahasa Melayu">bahasa Melayu</a> yang ditulis <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulisan_Jawi" title="Tulisan Jawi">Jawi</a> dan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Inggeris" title="Bahasa Inggeris">bahasa Inggeris</a>.</p> <h3><a name="Versi_Rumi"></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0);font-size:130%;" ><span class="mw-headline">Versi Rumi</span></span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-size:18;" >Pemasyhuran kemerdekaan</span></b></p> <p><i><span style="font-size:13;">Dengan nama Alla</span></i></p> <p><i><span style="font-size:13;">h yang Maha Pemurah lagi Mengasihani, segala puji bagi Allah yang Maha Berkuasa dan selawat dan salam ke atas sekalian R</span></i></p> <p><i><span style="font-size:13;">asul-Nya.</span></i></p> <p><i>Bahawasanya kerana telah tibalah masanya bagi umat Persekutuan Tanah Melayu ini mencapai taraf suatu bangsa yang merdeka lagi berdaulat sama setimpal kedudukannya dengan segala bangsa seluruh dunia.</i></p> <p><i>Dan bahawasanya kerana dengan perjanjian yang disebut namanya Perjanjian Tanah Melayu tahun 1957 yang diperbuat antara Duli Yang Maha Mulia Baginda <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratu_Elizabeth_II" title="Ratu Elizabeth II">Queen</a> dengan Duli-Duli Yang Maha Mulia Raja-Raja Melayu, maka, telah dipersetujui bahawa Negeri-negeri Melayu, iaitu <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang" title="Pahang">Pahang</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan" title="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor" title="Selangor">Selangor</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlis" title="Perlis">Perlis</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan" title="Kelantan">Kelantan</a>, <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terengganu" title="Terengganu">Terengganu</a>, dan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri_Perak" title="Negeri Perak">Perak</a> serta negeri yang dahulunya dinamakan Negeri Selat, iaitu <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melaka" title="Melaka">Melaka</a> dan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Pinang" title="Pulau Pinang">Pulau Pinang</a>, mulai 31 hari bulan <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogos" title="Ogos">Ogos</a> tahun 1957, hendaklah menjadi sebuah Persekutuan baharu bagi negeri-negeri yang bernama Persekutuan Tanah Melayu.</i></p> <p><i>Dan bahawasanya kerana telah bersetuju pula antara kedua-dua pihak dalam perjanjian tersebut, iaitu Melaka dan Pulau Pinang hendaklah daripada tarikh tersebut itu tamat daripada menjadi sebahagian daripada jajahan takluk Baginda Queen, dan Duli Y</i></p> <p><i>ang Maha Mulia Baginda Queen tidak lagi berhak menjalankan apa-apa kedaulatan baginda ke atas kedua-dua buah negeri yang tersebut itu.</i></p> <p><i>Dan bahawasanya kerana telah bersetuju pula antara kedua-dua pihak yang tersebut, iaitu Perjanjian Persekutuan Tanah Melayu tahun 1948, dan segala peranjian yang lain yang ada sekarang antara Duli Yang Maha Mulia Baginda Queen dengan Duli-Duli Yang Maha Mulia Raja-Raja ataupun salah seorang daripada baginda itu sebelum tarikh yang tersebut hendaklah dibatalkan mulai daripada tarikh itu, dan semua kuat kuasa dan hak Duli Yang Maha Mulia Baginda Queen ataupun <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlimen" title="Parlimen">Parlimen</a> <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Negeri United Kingdom</a> dalam Negeri-Negeri Selat ataupun Persekutuan Tanah Melayu seluruhannya adalah tamat dengan sendirinya.</i></p> <p><i>Dan bahawasanya kerana Duli Yang Maha Mulia Baginda Queen, Duli-Duli Yang Maha Mulia Raja-Raja Melayu, Parlimen Negeri United Kingdom dan Majlis-Majlis Undangan Persekutuan dan Negeri-Negeri Melayu telah meluluskannya, Perjanjian Persekutuan Tanah Melayu tahun 1957 itu berjalan kuat kuasanya.</i></p> <p><i>Dan bahawasanya kerana suatu perlembagaan bagi kerajaan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu telah ditentukan menjadi suatu kanun yang muktamad baginya.</i></p> <p><i>Dan bahawasanya kerana Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang tersebut itu, maka, ada disediakan syarat untuk menjaga keselamatan hak-hak dan keutamaan Duli-Duli Yang Maha Mulia Raja-Raja serta hak-hak asasi dan kebebasan sekalian rakyat dan untuk memajukan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu dengan aman dan damai serta teratur sebagai sebuah kerajaan yang mempunyai Raja yang Berperlembagaan yang berdasarkan demokrasi cara Parlimen.</i></p> <p><i>Dan bahawasanya kerana Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang diadakan oleh Majlis Undangan Persekutuan yang tersebut itu telah diluluskan oleh suatu undang-undang yang diadakah oleh Majlis Undangan Persekutuan serta dengan undang-undang yang diadakan oleh negeri-negeri Melayu dan dengan ketetapan-ketetapan dalam Majlis Undangan Negeri Melaka dan Pulau Pinang, dengan demikian Perlembagaan itu telah berjalan kuat kuasanya pada 31 hari bulan Ogos tahun 1957.</i></p> <p><i>Maka, dengan nama Allah yang Maha Pemurah lagi Maha Mengasihani, saya <b>Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, Perdana Menteri bagi Persekutuan Tanah Melayu</b>, dengan persetujuan dan perkenan Duli-Duli Yang Maha Mulia Raja-Raja negeri-Negeri Melayu dengan ini memasyhurkan dan mengisytiharkan bagi pihak umat Persekutuan Tanah Melayu bahawa mulai Tiga Puluh Satu hari bulan Ogos Tahun Seribu Sembilan Ratus Lima Puluh Tujuh, maka Persekutuan Tanah Melayu yang mengandungi Negeri Johor, Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor, Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak, Melaka dan Pulau Pinang dengan limpah rahmat Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala akan kekal menjadi sebuah negara yang merdeka dan berdaulat serta berdasarkan kebebasan dan keadilan dan sentiasa menjaga dan mengutamakan kesejahteraan dan kesentosaan rakyatnya dan mengekalkan keamanan antara segala bangsa.</i></p> <h3><a name="Versi_Jawi"></a><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 0); font-weight: normal;" class="mw-headline">Versi Jawi</span></span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:18;" >ڤماشهورن</span></b><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-size:18;" > </span></b><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:18;" >كمرديكأن</span></b></p> <p><span style="font-size:13;">دڠن نام الله يڠ مها ڤموره لاڬي مڠاسيهاني، </span><span style="font-size:13;">سڬالا ڤوجي باڬي الله يڠ مها بركواس دان صلوات دان سلام ك اتس سكالين رسول-ڽ.</span></p> <p>بهاواسڽ كران تله تيباله ماسڽ باڬي اومت ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو اين منچاڤأي تارف سواتو بڠسا يڠ مرديك لاڬي بردولت سام ستيمڤل كدودوكنڽ دڠن سڬالا بڠسا سلوروه دنيا.</p> <p>دان بهاواسڽ كران دڠن ڤرجنجين يڠ دسبوت نامڽ ڤرجنجين تانه ملايو تاهون 1957 يڠ دڤربوات انتارا دولي يڠ مها مليا بڬيندا قوين دڠن دولي-دولي يڠ مها مليا راج-راج ملايو، مك، تله دڤرستوجوي بهاوا نڬري-نڬري ملايو، ايايت جوهر، ڤهڠ، نڬري سمبيلن، سلاڠور، قدح، ڤرليس، كلنتن، ترڠڬانو، دان ڤراق سرتا نڬري يڠ دهولوڽ ديناماكن نڬري سلت، ايايت ملاك دان ڤولاو ڤينڠ، مولاي 31 هاري بولن اوڬوس تاهون 1957، هندقله منجادي سبواه ڤرسكوتوان بهارو باڬي نڬري-نڬري يڠ برنام ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو.</p> <p>دان بهاواسڽ كران تله برستوجو ڤولا انتارا كدوا-دوا ڤيهق دالم ڤرجنجين ترسبوت، ايايت ملاك دان ڤولاو ڤينڠ هندقله درڤد تاريخ ترسبوت ايت تمت درڤد منجادي سباهاڬين درڤد ججاهن تعلوق بڬيندا قوين، دان دولي يڠ مها مليا بڬيندا قوين تيدق لاڬي برحق منجالنكن اڤا٢ كدولتن بڬيندا ك اتس كدوا-دوا بواه نڬري يڠ ترسبوت ايت.</p> <p>دان بهاواسڽ كران تله برستوجو ڤولا انتارا كدوا-دوا ڤيهق يڠ ترسبوت، ايايت ڤرجنجين ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو تاهون 1948، دان سڬالا ڤرانجين يڠ لاين يڠ اد سكارڠ انتارا دولي يڠ مها مليا بڬيندا قوين دڠن دولي-دولي يڠ مها مليا راج-راج اتاوڤون ساله سأورڠ درڤد بڬيندا ايت سبلوم تاريخ يڠ ترسبوت هندقله دبطلكن مولاي درڤد تاريخ ايت، دان سموا كوات كواس دان حق دولي يڠ مها مليا بڬيندا قوين اتاوڤون ڤرليمين نڬري اونيتد كيڠدوم دالم نڬري-نڬري سلت اتاوڤون ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو سلوروهنڽ اداله تمت دڠن سنديريڽ.</p> <p>دان بهاواسڽ كران دولي يڠ مها مليا بڬيندا قوين، دولي-دولي يڠ مها مليا راج-راج ملايو، ڤرليمين نڬري اونيتد كيڠدوم دان مجليس-مجليس اوندڠن ڤرسكوتوان دان نڬري-نڬري ملايو تله ملولوسكنڽ، ڤرجنجين ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو تاهون 1957 ايت برجالن كوات كواساڽ.</p> <p>دان بهاواسڽ كران سواتو ڤرلمباڬان باڬي كراجأن ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو تله دتنتوكن منجادي سواتو كانون يڠ معتمد باڬيڽ.</p> <p>دان بهاواسڽ كران ڤرلمباڬان ڤرسكوتوان يڠ ترسبوت ايت، مك، اد دسدياكن شرط اونتوق منجاڬ كسلامتن حق-حق دان كاوتامأن دولي-دولي يڠ مها مليا راج-راج سرتا حق-حق اساسي دان كبيبسن سكالين رعيت دان اونتوق مماجوكن ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو دڠن امان دان داماي سرتا تراتور سباڬاي سبواه كراجأن يڠ ممڤوڽاءي راج يڠ برڤرلمباڬان يڠ برداسركن ديموكراسي چارا ڤرليمين.</p> <p>دان بهاواسڽ كران ڤرلمباڬان ڤرسكوتوان يڠ داداكن اوليه مجليس اوندڠن ڤرسكوتوان يڠ ترسبوت ايت تله دلولوسكن اوليه سواتو اوندڠ-اوندڠ يڠ داداكه اوليه مجليس اوندڠن ڤرسكوتوان سرتا دڠن اوندڠ-اوندڠ يڠ داداكن اوليه نڬري-نڬري ملايو دان دڠن كتتڤن-كتتڤن دالم مجليس اوندڠن نڬري ملاك دان ڤولاو ڤينڠ، دڠن دمكين ڤرلمباڬان ايت تله برجالن كوات كواساڽ ڤد 31 هاري بولن اوڬوس تاهون 1957.</p> <p>مك، دڠن نام الله يڠ مها ڤموره لاڬي مها مڠاسيهاني، ساي تونكو عبدالرحمن ڤوترا ابن المرحوم سلطان عبدالحميد حاليم شه، ڤردان منتري باڬي ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو، دڠن ڤرستوجوان دان ڤركنن دولي-دولي يڠ مها مليا راج-راج نڬري-نڬري ملايو دڠن اين ممشهوركن دان مڠيشتهاركن باڬي ڤيهق اومت ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو بهاوا مولاي تيڬ ڤولوه ساتو هاري بولن اوڬوس تاهون سريبو سمبيلن راتوس ليما ڤولوه توجوه، مك ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو يڠ مڠاندوڠي نڬري جوهر، ڤهڠ، نڬري سمبيلن، سلاڠور، قدح، ڤرليس، كلنتن، ترڠڬانو، ڤراق، ملاك دان ڤولاو ڤينڠ دڠن ليمڤه رحمة الله سبحانه وا تاءالا اكن ككال منجادي سبواه نڬارا يڠ مرديك دان بردولت سرتا برداسركن كبيبسن دان كعاديلن دان سنتياس منجاڬ دان مڠوتاماكن كسجهترأن دان كسنتوسان رعيتڽ دان مڠكلكن كامانن انتارا سڬالا 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<br />PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-28795963091406862652009-05-16T06:37:00.000-07:002009-05-16T23:27:48.262-07:00Unit 4 : Pemeliharaan Kebersihan dan Keceriaan Persekitaran<meta equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5Cjr%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><link rel="themeData" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5Cjr%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx"><link rel="colorSchemeMapping" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5Cjr%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> 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<br /></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" ><span style="font-size:130%;">HARI ALAM SEKITAR SEDUNIA</span></span></b></p><p style="text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" ></span></b><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxSw6229jaX10xL9YDZdL_a05EjhOugF5ao_5s1NvsRHBV68zrz9dozjTga7V-On7V_1_gxqqbTDYkGgVBDYw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" >
<br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" >Hari Alam Sekitar</span></b><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" > (HAS) atau (<i>World Environment Day (WED)</i>) dilancarkan oleh Perhimpunan Agung PBB pada tahun 1972. Setiap tahun, hari ini diadakan di bandar yang berlainan dan disambut dengan eksposisi antarabangsa pada minggu 5 Jun. Program Persekitaran PBB (UNEP), juga ditubuhkan pada 1972, menggunakan HAS untuk membangkitkan kesedaran mengenai alam sekitar dan menarik perhatian politik dan tindakan awam.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal">
<br /><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" ></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" ><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">KITAR SEMULA</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 115%;font-family:";font-size:11;" >
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semula?</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" > <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Mengitar semula mengurangkan masalah tapak pembuangan dan melindungi alam sekitar.Kertas yang dikitar semula hanya memerlukan </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >50% kurang tenaga dan 75% kurang air </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >berbanding jika kita menghasilkan kertas dari pokok dara.ia juga mengurangkan kira2 91% pencemaran air.
<br />Mengitar semula juga membawa keuntungan.
<br />Agensi kerajaan akan membayar NGO dan sekolah kerajaan dengan kertas yang mereka <span style=""> </span>kitar semula.Keuntungan yang didapati akan dibelanjakan untuk kempen-kempen untuk kitar semula kertas dan sebagainya.
<br />Dengan mengitar semula kita dapat mengurangkan kos pelupusan sampah dan mengurangkan jumlah isipadu sampah di tapak pelupusan sampah.
<br /><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;color:navy;" >Kenapa saya perlu menggunakan tong kitar semula?</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" > <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Barangan berikut harus dibuang ke dalam tong kitar semula.
<br />Kertas fotokopi, kertas pejabat, kertas fotokopi berwarna,kertas nota,
<br />kertas lejar, shredded paper, kad manila, sampul surat, kadbod dan buku telefon. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Kertas kadbod yang besar harus dilipat dan diletak di sebelah tong kitar
<br />semula.Buku telefon yang besar hendaklah dikumpul dalam jumlah yang besar. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Apabila anda mengitar semula kesemua barang buangan, anda akan mendapati
<br />betapa sedikitnya sampah yang anda buang ke tapak pembuangan sampah.tong
<br />sampah anda akan sentiasa kosong. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Apakah yang tidak patut dibuang ke dalam tong kitar semula?
<br />jangan buang apa-apa selain kertas buangan ke dalam tong kitar semula.antara barangan
<br />yang tidak boleh dibuang ke dalam tong kitar semula:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" > </span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >a)pembalut makanan</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >b)kertas karbon</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >c)kertas pembalut fotokopi</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >d)kertas lilin</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >
<br /><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;color:navy;" >Apakah yang terjadi kepada kertas-kertas tersebut?</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >
<br />Kertas yang anda kitar semula akan dikumpul oleh pihak perbandaran dan
<br />merekod jumlah kertas yang dikitar semula.kertas-kertas tersebut akan diasingkan
<br />kepada beberapa gred-gred tinggi, kadbod dan kertas buangan campuran.
<br />
<br /><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;color:navy;" >Mengitar semula tin aluminium</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" > <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Cuba fikirkan dapatkan RM10 daripada mengkitar semula botol gelas dan tin
<br />aluminium.Adakah anda sanggup mengutip 654 tin aluminium yang beratnya
<br />11kg ataupun 1000 botol gelas yang beratnya 20kg?
<br />Di sini ada beberapa sebab kenapa membeli tin aluminium dan mengitarnya
<br />boleh mengindahkan alam sekitar dan berbaloi dengan wang anda?
<br />*tin aluminium adalah lebih berharga daripada botol gelas
<br />*tin aluminium lebih ringan dan mudah untuk dikendalikan dan jimat tenaga
<br />*menghasilkan tin aluminium baru daripada proses kitar semula menjimatkan tenaga
<br />daripada memproses daripada aluminium mentah. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Malang</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" > sekali kerana tidak ada pasaran untuk mengkitar semula plastik.
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" >Wang yang banyak</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" > yang besar diperlukan untuk menjalankan kitar semula plastik menyebabkan
<br />ia tidak ekonomikal dan tidak praktikal.walaubagaimanapun, sudah ada
<br />kajian untuk mengitarr semula plastik dengan lebih ekonomik. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" ><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="75" preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:formulas> <v:path extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect"> <o:lock ext="edit" aspectratio="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="" style="'width:12pt;"><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;color:navy;" >Apakah yang harus kita lakukan?</span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" ><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="" style="'width:12pt;height:12pt'/"><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->
<br /></span><span style=";font-family:";font-size:12;" > </span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:";font-size:12;color:black;" >Simpanlah bahan guna semula dan anda boleh membawa bahan-bahan tersebut ke pusat kitar semula di tempat anda.Tentu akan mendapat sedikit keuntungan daripada penjualan bahan tersebut.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
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<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://skmelati2.brinkster.net/sivik/tahun%206/PEMELIHARAAN_KEBERSIHAN_DAN_KECERIAAN_PERSEKITARAN.exe"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);">JAWAB SOALAN KUIZ DI SINI</span></a>
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<br /><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">CIKGU JR/Panitia Pendidikan Sivik dan Kewarganegaraan</span>
<br />PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2622357042177178539.post-62033616734077520042009-05-11T00:55:00.000-07:002009-05-11T01:28:09.042-07:00Rukun Negara<div align="justify"><strong><em>LATAR BELAKANG</em></strong> </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">Sebelum Rukun Negara diperkenalkan, telah berlaku rusuhan antara kaum pada 13 Mei 1969. Ketenteraman negara telah terjejas akibat kejadian itu. MAGERAN (Majlis Gerakan Negara) telah mengambil alih pentadbiran negara. MAGERAN telah menubuhkan Majlis Perundingan Negara (MPN) untuk membincangkan dan menilai isu perpaduan Negara. MPN telah memperkenalkan ideologi negara iaitu Rukun Negara.</div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><strong><em>MATLAMAT RUKUN NEGARA</em></strong></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">Mengukuhkan perpaduan. memelihara corak hidup demokratik. mencipta sebuah masyarakat yang adil. Menjamin sikap liberal terhadap tradisi kebudayaan yang pelbagai. membina masyarakat progresif yang akan menggunakan sains dan teknologi.</div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><strong><em>PRINSIP-PRINSIP RUKUN NEGARA</em></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><em></em></strong></div><div align="justify"><br /><strong><span style="color:#000099;">Kepercayaan kepada Tuhan<br />Kesetiaan kepada Raja dan Negara<br />Keluhuran Perlembagaan<br />Kedaulatan Undang-undang<br />Kesopanan dan Kesusilaan</span></strong><br /><br /><strong><em>PENJELASAN PRINSIP RUKUN NEGARA</em></strong></div><div align="justify"><br /><a name="Kepercayaan_kepada_Tuhan"></a>· <strong>Kepercayaan kepada Tuhan<br /></strong>· Bangsa dan Negara ini telah diwujudkan atas kepercayaan yang kukuh kepada Tuhan. Melalui kepercayaan beragama inilah akan menjadikan bangsa dan negara ini sebagai satu bangsa dan negara yang berdaulat. Perlembagaan Persekutuan memperuntukkan bahawa Islam ialah agama rasmi Persekutuan, tetapi agama dan kepercayaan-kepercayaan lain boleh diamalkan dengan aman dan tenteram di mana-mana bahagian di dalam Persekutuan dan tindakan membeza-bezakan terhadap seseorang warganegara atas alasan agama adalah dilarang sama sekali. Jawatankuasa penggubal Rukun Negara menyedari akan pentingnya agama dan kepercayaan kepada Tuhan dalam kehidupan manusia. Ketiadaan agama boleh meruntuhkan keperibadian seseorang dan juga sesuatu bangsa dan negara. Menyedari betapa pentingnya keteguhan pegangan anggota masyarakat terhadap ajaran agama masing-masing, prinsip ini telah dipilih sebagai prinsip pertama dalam Rukun Negara.</div><div align="justify"><br /><a name="Kesetiaan_Kepada_Raja_dan_Negara"></a>· <strong>Kesetiaan Kepada Raja dan Negara</strong><br />· Malaysia mengamalkan Sistem Demokrasi Berparlimen dan Raja Berpelembagaan dengan Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong sebagai Ketua Negara. Selaras dengan kedudukan Yang di-Pertuan Agong sebagai Raja mengikut Perlembagaan, sistem beraja juga diamalkan di setiap negeri, dan Yang Di-Pertua Negeri bagi negeri-negeri yang tidak beraja. Seri Paduka Baginda, Raja-Raja dan Yang Di-Pertua Negeri adalah merupakan lambang perpaduan rakyat. Kesetiaan kepada Raja dan Negara bermaksud, bahawa setiap warganegara hendaklah menumpukan sepenuh taat setia, jujur dan ikhlas kepada Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong. Di peringkat negeri pula, rakyat dikehendaki menumpukan taat setia kepada raja yang memerintah negeri tempat mereka bermastautin tanpa mengurangkan taat setia kepada Yang di-Pertuan Agong.</div><div align="justify"><br /><a name="Keluhuran_Perlembagaan"></a>· <strong>Keluhuran Perlembagaan<br /></strong>· Prinsip ini menekan perlunya rakyat menerima, mematuhi dan mempertahankankeluhuran atau kemuliaan Perlembagaan Negara. Perlembagaan Negara adalah sumber perundangan yang tertinggi. Fungsinya untuk memberi perlindungan kepada setiap rakyat negara ini akan hak dan keistimewaan mereka sebagai warganegara. Setiap warga negara Malaysia dikehendaki menghormati, menghargai, serta memahami maksud dan kandungan serta latar belakang sejarah pembentukan Perlembagaan Negara. Perlembagaan Negara telah digubal berasaskan kesepakatan semua kaum dan semu pihak di negara ini. Dengan demikian ia merupakan satu kontrak sosial rakyat yang tidak boleh dipersoalkan dan diganggu gugat oleh mana-mana individu atau mana-mana pihak. Perlembagaan Malaysia menentukan pola politik dan kedudukan sosio-ekonomi rakyat di negara ini. Ia adalah sumber rujukan bagi segala hal yang berkaitan denga sistem pemerintahan, perundangan, kedudukan dan hak sosio-ekonomi rakyat.</div><div align="justify"><br /><a name="Kedaulatan_Undang-Undang"></a>· <strong>Kedaulatan Undang-Undang<br /></strong>· Keadilan diasaskan atas kedaulatan undang-undang di mana setiap rakyat sama tarafnya di sisi undang-undang negara. Kebebasan asasi terjamin bagi semua warganegara Malaysia. Undang-undang negara berasaskan kepada Perlembagaan. Oleh itu kedaulatannya perlu diterima dan dipertahankan. Tanpa undang-undang, hidup bermasyarakat dan bernegara tidak aman dan stabil. Oleh itu undang-undang negara dijamin pula oleh institusi kehakiman yang bebas dan berwibawa. Setiap negara memerlukan undang-undang untuk mengawal dan mewujudkan satu masyarakat yang aman, stabil dan makmur. Kewujudan undang-undang akan menjamin kehidupan anggota masyarakat dapat bergerak dengan licin dan teratur tanpa sebarang kekacauan, di mana semua anggota masyarakat akan merasas selamat. Hak-hak semua rakyat boleh diamalkan dengan bebas asalkan tidak melanggar undang-undang serta perkara-perkara sebagaimana yang dijamin oleh Perlembagaan Negara. Hak-hak dari kebebasan yang dijamin oleh Perlembagaan itu tidaklah termasuk hak menggulingkan kerajaan sama ada dengan kekerasan atau dengan cara-cara yang tidak menurut Perlembagaan.</div><div align="justify"><br /><a name="Kesopanan_dan_Kesusilaan"></a>· <strong>Kesopanan dan Kesusilaan</strong><br />· Prinsip ke lima ini menekankan perkembangan personaliti dan tingkah laku seseorang rakyat. Tujuannya ialah untuk membentuk warga negara yang bersopan santun dan bersusila selaras dengan kempen Budi Bahasa dan Nilai Murni yang dijalankan sekarang. Sifat individu yang bersopan santun dan bersusila adalah paling bermakna dan amat penting dalam konteks perhubungan antara satu sama lain dalam masyarakat pelbagai kaum di negara ini. Sikap bersopan santun dan bersusila patut diamalkan bagi membentuk seseorang individu dan masyarakat yang berdisiplin serta bermoral tinggi yang akan membantu mewujudkan sebuah masyarakat yang harmoni. Tatasusila ini membenci dan mengutuk tingkah laku atau perbuatan yang angkuh atau menyinggung perasaan seseorang atau sesuatu golongan. Tingkah laku sopan juga mengandungi suatu darjah kesusilaan yang tinggi dalam kedua-dua kehidupan persendirian dan kehidupan bernegara. Prinsip ini menjadi panduan supaya perilaku masyarakat sentiasa terpelihara dan berkembang sesuai dengan keperibadian bangsa dan nilai-nilai.</div><div align="justify"> </div><div align="justify"> </div><div align="justify"> </div><div align="justify"> </div><p align="center"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyWUwAtWcS_aVR8mq1SVFDXyhTuq05GOYf41dzIvYpldNIrjMzdZ3FD_eaee6LfjTcRtQ-VdKHMBwB8FacVjw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></p><p align="justify"><strong><em><span style="color:#000099;">jrrhb/2009</span></em></strong></p>PANITIA PENDIDIKAN SIVIK DAN KEWARGANEGARAANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17695767143127690710noreply@blogger.com0